[v8volvo]

What kind of fuel is in it? When bleeding air from the injector hard lines, fuel should come out in nice solid spurts. If it is just foaming and dribbling then you've got a problem. But you already know that.

You are correct that the solenoid on the top is the fuel cutoff. Those almost never fail, very unlikely it is your problem. It should get 12v with the key on. The solenoid on the passenger side of the injector pump is the altitude compensation device. It should be energized when the key is on. Above 3300 feet, a switch opens and current does not get to the solenoid, which causes fueling to be pulled back and advances the timing. You don't want that to happen so keep power to it as you have now. It should click when you turn power to it on and off (unplug spade terminal), so if there is no click then the device is faulty but it will not keep the car from running so don't worry too much about it right now.

There are no electric pumps anywhere, in the tank or under the floor on a diesel Volvo unless someone has added one. Thus no relays, etc either.

My next step would be to get some biodiesel (swells up internal seals in the pump, which can cause it to not function if leaking due to ULSD as many of them now are), then gravity-feed it into the pump inlet. If you have access to a method of force-feeding it (like temporarily install an electric lift pump) to prime the pump, then that may work even better. Once the pump is full of biodiesel, it will begin to work. The engine may be ready to start right away, or it may need to sit for an hour with the biodiesel in it before it regains function. The worst case I have seen was on a TDI that needed to sit for about 12 hours after having its pump filled with gravity-fed B99 and cranked and bled, but after we let it sit overnight it fired right up the next morning.